Yao

Stateless

Deep in the highlands that stretch between the Hunan and Guizhou regions of China, nestled in the realm that ventures into Eastern Yunnan, resides a people group known as the Yao. Stateless and resilient, the Yao have woven their history across vast territories, spreading their roots into the Northern reaches of Vietnam, the landscape of Northern Laos, and the lands of Myanmar. As fate would have it, they are one of the largest stateless hill tribes within the borders of Thailand.

The Yao people have weathered storms of change since their rebellion against the mighty Ming Dynasty of 1890. In response to their defiance, the government’s heavy hand forced the Yao to retreat into the highlands. There, they sought refuge, carving out their existence with determination. In this isolation, the diversity of the Yao culture expanded, and now countless languages are spoken by diverse groups that breathe life into their shared nationality.

Among these groups are the Red Yao, depicted here in the terraced rice fields of Longji, China. The Red Yao women have a unique tradition of cutting their hair only once in their lifetime, specifically between the ages of 16 and 18, symbolizing a significant rite of passage. These unmarried women conceal their

beautiful locks and instead adorn their heads with elegant Turbans. Their hair holds a sacred narrative of longevity and prosperity, and a legacy passed down through countless generations.

Yet, it is not only in their lengthened locks that the Yao finds expression in the fabric that they wear. Expert weavers and skilled artisans, they create textiles of vibrant hues. All the Yao groups weave their own cloth and are known for their embroidery. Each garment’s distinct hand-dyed colors and styles allow others to know the age or their specific group within the Yao nation. It is interesting to note that the colors chosen to paint the terraced rice fields match the colors of the Yao Nation’s flag. This connection emphasizes the significance of the rice fields to the Yao culture and their strong ties to the land.