Romani

Stateless

The Romani, recognized as the largest ethnic minority stateless group in Europe, consists of an estimated population of 10 to 12 million people. While predominately residing in Europe, they also have a significant presence worldwide. Sadly, Romani people have endured centuries of discrimination and have faced legal decrees leading to their expulsion from certain territories. Many Romani were stateless before the concept of some nation-states even existed.

In more recent history, during the reign of Nazi Germany, the Romani people suffered persecution. They were stripped of citizenship under the Reich Citizenship Law of 1935, much like the Jewish population. Tragically, many Romani perished in the concentration camps during this horrific period. The Romani trace their origins to the Indo-Aryan ethnic group, believed to have originated around the Punjab region of India. While migration out of the area began as early as 500 CE, the Romani are often considered commonly nomadic. Notably, they do not have an official homeland.

In this painting, the vibrant background incorporates the colors of the Romani flag and the Punjabi landscape. The blue and green symbolize the heavens and the earth, while the red fence represents the iconic red 16-spoke cartwheel found on the Romani flag. This Romani woman wears a diklo headscarf and large earrings, symbolizing her wealth. Her attire includes a voluminous skirt, the length and size of which can convey information about her marital status, tribe, or age. Additionally, she is wrapped in a patterned shawl. Finally, she holds a lavender rose, a symbol of “splendor” typically reserved for royalty due to its rarity. This painting captures the cultural elements and rich symbolism associated with the Romani community paying homage to their history, resilience, and the complexities of their identity.